Grammostola pulchra

🔤 Taxonomy

Grammostola pulchra is the Brazilian black tarantula. The name has been used loosely in the hobby, so exact identity and breeder records matter when buying or breeding.

English common names used in the hobby:

• Brazilian black tarantula

📌 Description

Grammostola pulchra is a New World tarantula kept mainly as a display invertebrate. Adult size is usually 6-7 cm body, 15-18 cm legspan, and lifespan is females 15-25+ years; males shorter after maturity. It should not be handled routinely. Even species considered calm can bolt, fall, bite, or flick urticating hairs when stressed. The keeper’s job is to provide a secure enclosure, stable moisture gradient, safe fall height, and enough privacy for normal feeding and molting.

🌍 Distribution

Southern Brazil and Uruguay; open grassland, scrub, pasture edges, and terrestrial retreats with seasonal moisture.

Use the range as a habitat clue: the spider still needs secure cover, a moisture gradient, measured warmth, and room to move normally.

Range notes are most useful when they explain how the animal finds cover, water, warmth, and safety; avoid turning them into sudden swings in the enclosure.

⚖️ Legal status

As checked against current official sources in April 2026, Grammostola pulchra is not currently listed in the CITES Appendices, and no species-specific EU wildlife-trade Annex listing was found. It is not relevant to the Bern Convention unless a country applies separate native-wildlife rules. Local rules on ownership, import, sale, transport, breeding, invasive-species control, dangerous-animal licensing, and proof of lawful origin may still apply; keep purchase and breeding records.

🧭 Life stage differences

Babies or slings should start in smaller secure enclosures such as small ventilated deli cup or similar secure starter container for tiny slings, upgraded gradually. Smaller starter housing makes feeding, molts, hydration, and waste easier to monitor. Adults need the full planned enclosure, stronger locks or lids, and more stable environmental zones. Do not buy a young animal unless the adult housing, food supply, and legal responsibilities are already realistic.

This slow-growing species rewards patience. Long fasting periods can be normal when the abdomen remains rounded and the spider is settled, but shrinking, weakness, or a collapsed posture means hydration and enclosure conditions must be checked immediately.

For adult animals, make the enclosure secure before making it decorative: firm lid, safe ventilation, stable water dish, deep substrate, and limited fall distance.

For spiderlings and juveniles, stability matters more than display. Keep the container small enough to locate prey and check molts, but include cover and a moisture choice so the animal is not forced to sit in the open.

🤌 Husbandry

House one animal per enclosure. A practical adult enclosure is 30 x 20 x 20 cm for one adult; 30 x 30 x 25 cm is more comfortable. Larger is useful when it creates more usable movement, better gradients, and safer maintenance. Use secure ventilation and stable furnishings. Keep simple notes on feeding, molts, weight changes, and behaviour, and quarantine new animals before adding them to the collection.

💡 Lighting

A clear 10-12 hour day-night cycle is useful. Ordinary room light is enough for tarantulas; UVB and bright basking lamps are unnecessary. Avoid visible night lights and any lamp that dries the enclosure or overheats retreats.

🌡 Heating and temperature

Aim for 22-26 °C, with overheating above 29 °C avoided. Measure with digital probes and use an infrared thermometer for any warmed surfaces. Any supplemental heat should be controlled by a thermostat. Tarantulas are usually safer with warm room temperatures or gentle side heat rather than hot lamps or under-tank pads.

💧 Humidity and water

Humidity target: mostly dry surface with a water dish and one slightly moist lower corner. Keep fresh water available in a stable dish sized for the animal. The enclosure should have moisture choices without becoming wet and stale. Both bone-dry conditions and soaked substrate can create problems.

🌿 Enclosure and decoration

Provide a warm retreat, cooler retreat, water, safe texture for molting, and enough cover that the animal can move without feeling exposed. Juvenile setups should be simple enough to inspect but not bare. Adult enclosures must be built for strength, stable furniture, secure doors or lids, and safe cleaning access. Limit fall height for heavy terrestrial tarantulas. Use deep substrate, keep open space modest, and make sure lids, ventilation panels, and access points close securely.

🪳 Feeding

Feed crickets, roaches, locusts, and occasional worms sized to the abdomen. Use the abdomen and recent molt or feeding history to judge meal size, not appetite alone. Spiderlings eat smaller meals more often; adults usually eat less often and should stay lean rather than swollen. Remove uneaten prey promptly, especially before a molt.

🥚 Breeding

Breeding is common but slow. Pair only mature, well-conditioned animals and be ready for a long wait before an egg sac; spiderlings need many labeled rearing cups. Breeding should use healthy mature animals with known identity and lawful origin. Keep dates, pairings, offspring numbers, and transfer records, and do not produce more young than can be housed and placed responsibly.

🩺 Common problems

Common problems include dehydration, bad molts, overheating, mites, fall injuries, refusal to feed with visible weight loss, and stress from exposure or poor security. Warning signs include a shriveled abdomen, leaking injury, failed molt, swollen joints, twisting posture, sudden lethargy, or repeated frantic escape attempts. Consult an exotic-animal veterinarian for severe weakness, injury, swelling, failed molt, or prolonged refusal to feed with decline in body condition.

📌 Conclusion

Grammostola pulchra needs adult-sized planning from the start, not only interest in the juvenile stage. Secure housing, measured conditions, appropriate feeding, and basic records make long-term care predictable.

📚 Sources and further reading

• GBIF species backbone entry for taxonomy and distribution context
• CITES Appendices, checked April 2026
• EU wildlife-trade references, checked April 2026